Boil the sliced potatoes for 5 to 7 minutes until fork tender. Rinse with cold water, drain, and set aside.
Prepare vegetables by chopping or slicing them, and set aside.
Pour olive oil into a large frying pan heated over medium high heat. Add all ingredients from red pepper to garlic into the pan and stir around a bit. Place a cover over the top of the pan and cook for about 5 to 7 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the vegetables are cooked but not mushy. Remove them from the pan onto a plate or bowl and set aside.
Rinse tofu and place in the center of a clean dish cloth. Wrap it up in the cloth and over the sink squeeze the tofu gently, don't crush it, just lightly squeeze the water out the sides to get absorbed into the towel. Remove towel and place tofu on a cutting bard. With the block horizontally laid out before you, slice tofu vertically in half, then slice each half in quarters, then slice each quarter in half so you have 8 slices. Then hold your knife horizontally and slice the tofu in half. You should now have 16 squares. Lay them across the cutting board and dab them to dry, then sprinkle with salt and pepper.
In that same frying pan as you cooked the vegetables in, heat the safflower oil over medium high heat. Add the tofu, salt and pepper side down, and leave undisturbed to fry for 4 minutes. Turn the tofu over, salt and pepper the squares, then cook for another 4 minutes. Remove tofu from pan onto a paper towel and blot off any excess oil. Place aside.
Melt butter in the microwave for about 20 or so seconds, or cook over the stove until melted. Remove from the heat, and add garlic, capers, caper juice, lemon zest Calabrian chili paste, and salt, and pepper. Set aside.
Now that all the components are prepared, it's time to put them all together. Over medium high heat place the vegetables and tofu together in the same frying pan you used to cook them in separately and pour the butter sauce over the top. Mix together and heat through. Garnish with crushed red pepper flakes and a sprinkling of herbs. You can serve it right out of the hot pan.
Pair this dish with a nice salad, and you have a hearty vegetarian meal.